A brief look at the history of management and the theories of different scientists in this science explains that Learning has always played and crucial role in all management schools, a that's why different discussions over essential skills for staff and managers have been presented. In recent years, the importance of Learning role in success of organizations has been increased by universal economy movements toward knowledgebased economy, an increase in the speed of technological changes and the level of customers and beneficiary's expectations. In recent years, the concept of organizational Learning is one of the most important concepts which is mentioned in relation with in management Literature.Organizational Learning has made the development of organizations through acquiring new knowledge and better perception of environment possible. But besides paying attention to the importance of organizational Learning it should be considered that organizational Learning is Possible through individual Learning; in other words organizational Learning is total effect of every one beside each other. Actually the ability of Learning in an organization can not be more than ability of involved people and reaching organizations to new knowledge continuously is inevitable.

In a changing environment, the Strategic Learning approach can enable knowledge-based companies to quickly identify market changes and focus on emerging opportunities. Therefore, this study purpose is providing a model for identifying the the concept, causes and consequences of Strategic Learning and then that quantitative analysis and validation. In this study, using of grounded theory qualitative method, 15 experts of knowledge based companies selected by Snowball sampling and semi-structured interviews held with them. Data were categorized into 52 concepts, 8 sub components and 4 main components, after analysis. The main constructs includes organizational factors, environmental factors, main phenomenon and outcomes. Then, based on the process model and propositions that obtained from the first stage, the research hypotheses formulated and tested quantitatively among these companies personnel. In the quantitative part of research, the results indicate that both the model validation and the organizational and environmental factors have a positive and significant effect on Strategic Learning. Moreover, Strategic Learning has a positive and significant effect on outcomes including Strategic agility, development of dynamic capabilities, underlying cause of change, performance improvement and sales growth.

Introduction: A knowledge-based economy develops when knowledge-based companies have innovation, and whatever has a positive impact on the innovation is valuable for technology owners and policymakers. Due to the business development in Iran in recent years, discourse for the knowledge-based economy has increased, and many knowledge-based companies have been established. Iranian knowledge-based companies should usually compete with other companies, especially reputable old companies and organizations in the traditional sector (Arman and Shafiei, 2017). Innovation is essential for the survival, profitability and development of companies, and knowledge-based companies will certainly fail to survive without innovation. Therefore, one of the most important tasks of managers in knowledge-based companies is to create innovation and encourage the man force to innovate. Many studies on business management have considered the lack of Strategic thinking of top managers as a reason for not achieving the desired level of performance in all aspects, including innovation. Strategic thinking is essential for managers at different levels of an organization (Goldman and Casey, 2010; Moon, 2013). It improves the quality of decision-making (Goldman, 2012). In addition to Strategic thinking, organizational Learning has a great impact on improving organizational performance in all aspects, including innovation (Karimi and Abbasi, 2017). Although many believe that Strategic thinking is an inherent capability, new studies indicate that Strategic thinking can be improved using some principles and tools (Lashkarblooki and Jalali, 2018). The present research aims to study the innovativeness of knowledge-based companies from the lens of Strategic thinking. It also investigates the impact of Strategic Learning as a mediating variable to provide more accurate explanation. Methodology: This empirical study is a descriptive research rooted in the positivist philosophy of research. The statistical population compromised of the knowledge-based companies that, in 2018, used the services of Iran National Innovation Fund to implement their innovative plans. Since 168 knowledge-based companies were qualified to use the services, a random sampling method was used for sampling, and Cochran's formula was used to determine the required number of the cases in the samples. The data were randomly collected from 117 knowledge-based companies. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to collect the data. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by measuring Cronbach's alpha and estimating composite reliability. Experts' opinions and standard questionnaires were also used to ensure the content validity. Confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validation and diagnostic validation were done to ensure the construct validity. In this research, the SPSS and Smart PLS software programs were used to analyze the data, and the results were presented as statistical models. Results and Discussion: The findings confirm the fit of the research model and reveal that the tendency of the knowledge-based companies to innovate is directly influenced by the level of Strategic thinking and Strategic Learning. In addition, Strategic Learning can increase the impact of Strategic thinking on the tendency to innovate. Therefore, the managers of knowledge-based companies can use the concepts and tools of Strategic thinking and Strategic Learning to promote innovation. Conclusion: Knowledge-based companies are formed based on innovation and create a new market by innovative changes. Given the dependence of these companies on innovation, the lack of innovation reduces their profitability and endangers their survival. Studying the innovation of such companies should be in the different aspects, and it should not include only the barriers to innovation such as insufficient human resources, inappropriate business environment conditions, limited access to required resources and technologies. Another aspect that should be discussed is the tendency for innovation. Assuming that there are no obstacles in the way of innovation, the tendency for it is necessary to continuously innovate products, processes, and business models. Emphasizing this key point, the present study investigates the relationship between Strategic thinking and Strategic Learning for innovativeness in knowledge-based companies. The data analysis shows that Strategic thinking directly affects the tendency of knowledge-based companies to innovate. Strategic thinking improves the tendency to innovate by increasing the company's ability to recognize good opportunities, be creative, promote systemic thinking (a holistic approach to analysis that focuses on the system as a whole, not a series of parts, and how systems work overtime within the context of larger systems), and establish vision (or aspiration) and Strategic communication. In addition to the direct impact of Strategic thinking on innovation, the data show that Strategic thinking would increase the tendency of knowledge-based companies to innovate indirectly through Strategic Learning. Promoting Strategic thinking capabilities in knowledge-based companies would make companies increase their Strategic knowledge at the organizational level and apply their experiences to innovate.

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are among the primary concerns in internet security today. Machine Learning can be exploited to detect such attacks. In this paper, a multi-layer perceptron model is proposed and implemented using deep machine Learning to distinguish between malicious and normal traffic based on their behavioral patterns. The proposed model is trained and tested using the CICDDoS2019 dataset. To remove irrelevant and redundant data from the dataset and increase Learning accuracy, feature selection is used to select and extract the most effective features that allow us to detect these attacks. Moreover, we use the grid search algorithm to acquire optimum values of the model’s hyperparameters among the parameters’ space. In addition, the sensitivity of accuracy of the model to variations of an input parameter is analyzed. Finally, the effectiveness of the presented model is validated in comparison with some state-of-the-art works.